Editing Android OS (section)

=== Android 5.0 Lollipop ===
{{Main|Android Lollipop}}
{{anchor|Lollipop|5.0|Android 5.0|Android 5|Android Lollipop}}

Android 5.0 "Lollipop" was unveiled under the codename "Android L" on June 25, 2014, during [[Google I/O]]. It became available as an official [[Over-the-air programming|over-the-air]] (OTA) update on November 12, 2014, for select devices that run distributions of Android serviced by Google, including [[Google Nexus|Nexus]] and [[Google Play edition]] devices. Its source code was made available on November 3, 2014.<ref name=PCWorldJun2014>{{cite web |title=From Android L to Google Fit: All the new products and features from Google I/O |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2367746/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-the-announcements-from-google-i/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-t.html |publisher=PC World |date=June 25, 2014|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=June 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626183451/http://www.pcworld.com/article/2367746/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-the-announcements-from-google-i/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-t.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Updated Android Lollipop Developer Preview image coming to Nexus devices in a couple of days |url=http://www.phonearena.com/news/Updated-Android-Lollipop-Developer-Preview-image-coming-to-Nexus-devices-in-a-couple-of-days_id61780 |publisher=PhoneArena.com |date=October 15, 2014 |access-date=October 16, 2014 |archive-date=October 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018090820/http://www.phonearena.com/news/Updated-Android-Lollipop-Developer-Preview-image-coming-to-Nexus-devices-in-a-couple-of-days_id61780 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Lollipop features a redesigned user interface built around a responsive [[design language]] referred to as "[[material design]]". Other changes include improvements to the notifications, which can be accessed from the lockscreen and displayed within applications as top-of-the-screen banners. Furthermore, Google made internal changes to the platform, with the [[Android Runtime]] (ART) officially replacing [[Dalvik virtual machine|Dalvik]] for improved application performance, and with changes intended to improve and optimize battery usage, known internally as [[Project Volta]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Google's new 'Material Design' UI coming to Android, Chrome OS and the web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/06/25/googles-new-design-language-is-called-material-design/ |website=Engadget |date=June 25, 2014 |access-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-date=August 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816150431/https://www.engadget.com/2014/06/25/googles-new-design-language-is-called-material-design/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=We just played with Android's L Developer Preview |url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/06/26/android-developer-preview-hands-on/ |website=Engadget |date=June 26, 2014 |publisher=AOL |access-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626162710/http://www.engadget.com/2014/06/26/android-developer-preview-hands-on/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Google Reveals Details About Android L at Google IO |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/8207/google-reveals-details-about-android-l-at-google-io |website=Anandtech |access-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628013652/http://anandtech.com/show/8207/google-reveals-details-about-android-l-at-google-io |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A Closer Look at Android RunTime (ART) in Android L |url=http://anandtech.com/show/8231/a-closer-look-at-android-runtime-art-in-android-l/ |date=July 1, 2014 |access-date=July 5, 2014 |author=Andrei Frumusanu |work=AnandTech |archive-date=July 5, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705022457/http://anandtech.com/show/8231/a-closer-look-at-android-runtime-art-in-android-l |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
|+ Android 5.0 Lollipop (API 21)
|-
! style="width:2%;" | Version
! style="width:11%;" | Release date
! style="width:87%;" | Features
|-
| 5.0<ref name = "Api level 21-22">{{cite web |url=https://developer.android.com/about/versions/android-5.0.html |title=Android 5.0 APIs |publisher=Android.com |access-date=October 28, 2014 |archive-date=October 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027235642/http://developer.android.com/about/versions/android-5.0.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
| November 4, 2014<ref name="android.googlesource.com"/>
|
* [[Android Runtime]] (ART) with [[Ahead-of-time compilation|ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation]] and improved [[Garbage collection (computer science)|garbage collection]] (GC), replacing [[Dalvik (software)|Dalvik]] that combines bytecode [[Interpreter (computing)|interpretation]] with [[Tracing just-in-time compilation|trace-based just-in-time (JIT) compilation]].<ref name="Api level 21-22" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.android-app-developer.co.uk/android-app-development-docs/android-jit-compiler-androids-dalvik-vm.pdf |title=A JIT Compiler for Android's Dalvik VM |date=May 2010 |access-date   = March 19, 2015 |author1=Ben Cheng |author2=Bill Buzbee |website=android-app-developer.co.uk |pages=5–14 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20151106221110/http://www.android-app-developer.co.uk/android-app-development-docs/android-jit-compiler-androids-dalvik-vm.pdf |archive-date = November 6, 2015|url-status     = dead }}</ref>
* Support for [[64-bit computing|64-bit]] CPUs.
* [[OpenGL ES]]&nbsp;3.1 and Android Extension Pack (AEP) on supported GPU configurations.
* Recent activities screen with tasks instead of applications, up to a configured maximum of tasks per application.
* [[Vector graphics|Vector drawables]], which scale without losing definition.
* Support for print previews.
* [[Material design]], bringing a restyled user interface and ''"ripple effect"'' for buttons.
* Refreshed lock screen, no longer supporting widgets.<ref>[http://www.pocketables.com/2014/06/exploring-android-l-lockscreen-widgets-also-bite-dust.html "Exploring Android L: Lockscreen widgets also bite the dust"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514110831/http://www.pocketables.com/2014/06/exploring-android-l-lockscreen-widgets-also-bite-dust.html |date=May 14, 2015 }}. Pocketables.com. June 2014. Retrieved January 25, 2015.</ref>
* Refreshed notification tray and quick settings pull-down.
* [[Project Volta]], for battery life improvements.
* Searches can be performed within the system settings for quicker access to particular settings.
* Lock screen provides shortcuts to application and notification settings.<ref name=IndiaTimes>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/slideshow/android-5-0-lollipop-16-new-features/itslideshowviewall/45298613.cms |title=Android 5.0 Lollipop's new features |date=November 27, 2014 |access-date=December 23, 2014 |work=India Times |archive-date=December 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141203042421/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/slideshow/android-5-0-lollipop-16-new-features/itslideshowviewall/45298613.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Guest logins and multiple user accounts are available on more devices, such as phones.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.androidcentral.com/lollipop-brings-proper-multi-user-accounts-your-phone |title=Lollipop brings proper multi-user accounts to your phone |publisher=Android Central |access-date=January 25, 2015 |date=October 17, 2014 |archive-date=February 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204065643/http://www.androidcentral.com/lollipop-brings-proper-multi-user-accounts-your-phone |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Audio input and output through USB devices.
* Third-party applications regain the ability to read and modify data located anywhere on external storage, such as on [[SD card]]s. However, those must be adapted to the storage access framework of Android API level 21 or higher.<ref name="android-police01">{{cite web |url=http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/11/04/android-5-0-makes-sd-cards-great-again-extends-api-to-allow-full-directory-access-automatic-mediastore-and-improves-security/ |title=Android 5.0 Makes SD Cards Great Again, Extends API To Allow Full Directory Access, Automatic MediaStore, And Improves Security |publisher=Android Police |author=Cody Toombs |date=November 4, 2014 |access-date=November 29, 2014 |archive-date=December 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206131506/http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/11/04/android-5-0-makes-sd-cards-great-again-extends-api-to-allow-full-directory-access-automatic-mediastore-and-improves-security/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="android-police02">{{cite web |url=http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/11/27/root-explorer-3-3-update-adds-sd-card-write-capability-without-root-in-lollipop/ |title=Root Explorer 3.3 Update Adds SD Card Write Capability Without Root In Lollipop |author=Michael Crider |publisher=Android Police |date=November 27, 2014 |access-date=November 29, 2014 |archive-date=November 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129151433/http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/11/27/root-explorer-3-3-update-adds-sd-card-write-capability-without-root-in-lollipop/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Pinning of an application's screen for restricted user activity.<ref name=IndiaTimes />
* Recently used applications are remembered even after restarting the device.<ref name=IndiaTimes />
* WebViews receive updates independently through [[Google Play]] for security reasons, instead of relying on system-wide vendor updates.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/lollipop-stops-chromium-bugs-from-endangering-android/ |title=Lollipop stops Chromium bugs from endangering Android |date=October 24, 2014 |work=ZDNet |access-date=October 28, 2014 |archive-date=January 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142416/https://www.zdnet.com/article/lollipop-stops-chromium-bugs-from-endangering-android/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Addition of 15 new languages: Basque, Bengali, Burmese, Chinese (Hong Kong), Galician, Icelandic, Kannada, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali, Sinhala, Tamil and Telugu.<ref name=AndroidLollipop>{{cite web |url=http://www.android.com/versions/lollipop-5-0/ |title=Android – 5.0 Lollipop |date=November 3, 2014 |access-date=November 28, 2014 |publisher=Android.com |archive-date=November 25, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125175546/https://android.com/versions/lollipop-5-0/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''Tap and Go'' allows users to quickly migrate to a new Android device, using NFC and Bluetooth to transfer Google Account details, configuration settings, user data and installed applications.<ref name=IndiaTimes />
* A flashlight-style application is included, working on supported devices with a camera flash.<ref name=IndiaTimes />
* User-customizable priorities for application notifications.<ref name="CNET-priority">{{cite web |url=https://www.cnet.com/uk/how-to/setup-interruptions-android-lollipop-do-not-disturb/ |title=Set up 'Priority' mode on Android 5.0 Lollipop |author=Jason Cipriani |publisher=CNET |date=November 3, 2014|access-date=December 23, 2014}}</ref>
* Smart lock feature.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.androidcentral.com/smart-lock-screen-security-options-android-50-lollipop |title=Smart lock screen security options in Android 5.0 Lollipop |date=November 12, 2015 |access-date=March 15, 2015 |archive-date=March 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310235133/http://www.androidcentral.com/smart-lock-screen-security-options-android-50-lollipop |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[SELinux]] in enforcing mode for all domains.
* Updated emoji.<ref name="emojipedia-50">{{cite web |title=Android 5.0 Emoji Changelog |url=http://blog.emojipedia.org/android-50-emoji-changelog/ |website=Emojipedia |access-date=February 2, 2017 |date=November 26, 2014 |archive-date=January 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116211447/http://blog.emojipedia.org/android-50-emoji-changelog/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Improved [[accessibility]] support (e.g. [[switch access]] support).<ref name="androidcentral1">{{cite web |url=http://www.androidcentral.com/accessibility-features-android-50-lollipop |title=Accessibility features in Android 5.0 Lollipop |publisher=Android Central |date=October 25, 2014 |access-date=January 30, 2016 |archive-date=January 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126063234/http://www.androidcentral.com/accessibility-features-android-50-lollipop |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Block-based over-the-air (OTA) updates for new devices.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/block.html |title=Block-Based OTAs &#124; Android Open Source Project |publisher=Android Source |access-date=January 30, 2016 |archive-date=March 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310191906/http://source.android.com/devices/tech/ota/block.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Task listing access disabled for third-party applications.
|-
| 5.0.1
| December 2, 2014<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/12/02/android-5-0-1-lrx22c-hitting-aosp-now/ |title=Android 5.0.1 (LRX22C) Hitting AOSP Now (Update: Factory Images Too) |date=December 2, 2014 |access-date=December 3, 2014 |author=Liam Spradlin |publisher=Android Police |archive-date=December 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204004048/http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/12/02/android-5-0-1-lrx22c-hitting-aosp-now/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|
* A few bug fixes, including resolving issues with video playback and password failures handling.
|-
| 5.0.2
| December 19, 2014<ref name="FactoryImages"/>
|
* Fixes a bug with [[Trim (computing)|TRIM]] support (introduced in Version 4.3), which prevented devices from running on-charger cleanups of file system allocations if the device was turned off at midnight, or if it was charged only when in use.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/4f868ed |title=Commit 4f868ed to platform/frameworks/base |last=Tate |first=Christopher |date=November 21, 2014 |website=Android Git Repositories |access-date=December 27, 2017 |quote=The current heuristics depend on devices being alive at midnight+ in order to run periodic background fstrim operations...If the device goes a defined time without a background fstrim, we [now] force the fstrim at the next reboot. Once the device hits the midnight+ idle fstrim request time, then we already aggressively attempt to fstrim at the first available moment thereafter...'Available' here means charging + device idle. |archive-date=January 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142908/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/4f868ed |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Changes how alarms wake the CPU, and how alarms compete for system resources.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pocketnow.com/2014/12/22/android-5-0-2-changes |title=What's actually new in Android 5.0.2? |date=December 22, 2014 |access-date=January 6, 2015 |author=Stephen Schenck |publisher=PocketNow.com |archive-date=January 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106071243/http://pocketnow.com/2014/12/22/android-5-0-2-changes |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}

==== Android 5.1 Lollipop ====
{{anchor|Android 5.1|5.1}}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
|+ Android 5.1 Lollipop (API 22)
|-
! style="width:2%;" | Version
! style="width:11%;" | Release date
! style="width:87%;" | Features
|-
| 5.1
| March 2, 2015<ref name="ReferenceB"/>
|
* Improvements and bug fixes to the Overview screen.
* Ability to join Wi-Fi networks and control paired Bluetooth devices from quick settings.
* Official support for [[Dual SIM|multiple SIM cards]].<ref name="venturebeat-20150309">{{cite web |url=https://venturebeat.com/2015/03/09/google-confirms-android-5-1-is-landing-on-all-compatible-devices-from-today/ |title=Google confirms Android 5.1 is rolling out today, will support multi-SIM devices and HD calls |work=VentureBeat |date=March 9, 2015 |access-date=April 24, 2015 |archive-date=January 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142908/https://venturebeat.com/ai/beyond-transactions-reimagining-banking-with-superior-digital-customer-journeys/infinite/injection_js/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Anti-theft system|Device protection]]: if a device is lost or stolen it will remain locked until the owner signs into their Google account, even if the device is reset to factory settings.
* [[Wideband audio|High-definition voice calls]], available between compatible 4G LTE devices running Android 5.1.<ref name="venturebeat-20150309" />
* Improvements to the notification priority system, to more closely replicate the [[silent mode]] that was removed from Android&nbsp;5.0.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.androidpit.com/android-5-1-lollipop-silent-mode |title=Android 5.1 reinstates Silent Mode, but there's a catch |work=AndroidPIT |access-date=March 27, 2015 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402181504/http://www.androidpit.com/android-5-1-lollipop-silent-mode |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 5.1.1
| April 20, 2015<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-5.1.1_r1 |title=refs/tags/android-5.1.1_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google |website=android.googlesource.com |access-date=May 19, 2021 |archive-date=January 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142928/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-5.1.1_r1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="phandroid-5.1.1">{{cite web |title=Android 5.1.1 (LMY47V) officially uploaded to AOSP and here's the full changelog, Nexus Player factory images also available |date=April 21, 2015 |url=http://phandroid.com/2015/04/21/android-5-1-1-lmy47v-aosp-changelog-nexus-player-factory-images/ |access-date=May 1, 2015 |archive-date=April 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428075015/http://phandroid.com/2015/04/21/android-5-1-1-lmy47v-aosp-changelog-nexus-player-factory-images/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|
* Various bug fixes<ref name="phandroid-5.1.1" />
* Native [[Generic Access Network|Wi-Fi calling]] support.<ref>{{cite web |first=Jack |last=Jennings |url=http://www.xda-developers.com/google-open-source-code-for-wi-fi-calling/ |title=Google Open Source Code for Wi-Fi Calling |publisher=XDA |date=June 26, 2015 |access-date=November 2, 2015 |archive-date=November 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116115614/http://www.xda-developers.com/google-open-source-code-for-wi-fi-calling/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}